Arthur Conan Doyle was a Scottish author and physician best known for his detective fiction featuring the character Sherlock Holmes. Born in Edinburgh in 1859, Doyle studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and began writing stories while he was still a student. His first novel, A Study in Scarlet, was published in 1887 and introduced the world to the iconic detective. Doyle wrote four novels and 56 short stories featuring Sherlock Holmes, as well as other works of fiction, non-fiction, and poetry. He was also a pioneer in the field of spiritualism, and wrote several books on the subject. Doyle passed away in 1930, but his legacy lives on in the form of his beloved detective stories, which have been adapted for film, television, and stage.